Plug-in hybrid cars emit nearly 5x more global warming emissions than official data indicate, as per a new report.
Data shows that PHEVs release just 19% less CO2 than conventional gas and diesel cars, according to analysis carried out by a non-profit group. That contrasts significantly with lab tests, which suggested a 75% decrease in pollution.
Analysts studied information from onboard fuel consumption monitors of 800,000 vehicles sold in Europe from 2021 and 2023. They discovered that actual CO2 emissions from PHEVs in 2023 were 4.9 times greater than lab figures, up from three and a half times in 2021.
“Actual CO2 output are rising, while official emissions are falling,” stated a lead analyst participating in the report. “This discrepancy is growing and poses a serious issue. Consequently, PHEVs emit almost as much as petrol cars.”
Analysts linked most of the difference to overestimates of the “electric driving share” – the percentage of kilometers travelled in electric power compared to overall distance. The team determined that just 27% of driving was completed in electric mode, while official assumptions suggested over four-fifths.
Even, when running in EV mode, emission levels were significantly higher than official estimates. That happened because electric motors were not strong sufficient to function alone, leading to combustion motors burning fossil fuels for almost a third of the travel completed in electric mode.
Based on calculations, the underestimation of PHEV emissions allowed several major automaker groups to avoid over €5bn in fines from 2021 and 2023, by artificially easing adherence with European Union average fleet CO2 standards.
Furthermore, owners of PHEVs would spend approximately €500 more annually in operating expenses than would be assumed under lab conditions.
“The bold statements that automakers often promote about their PHEV vehicles are clearly way off the truth,” stated a transport analyst. “Buyers are being misled into believing that by buying a PHEV, they are helping the planet and cutting money. In reality, PHEVs are only slightly better than regular gas and diesel vehicles in terms of fuel consumption, CO2 production, and operating costs.”
Hybrid cars have recently been brought again into policy discussions as automakers have lobbied the EU to weaken CO2 standards. A proposed prohibition on new combustion engine cars in 2035 has faced heavy pressure from the car sector and resistance from EU countries with large automotive industries.
Several senior officials have suggested plug-in hybrids as a potential “flexibility” solution to include in the regulation.
An external energy policy specialist, who was unaffiliated with the research, called the analysis a “very useful addition” after years in which parts of the automotive sector claimed there was insufficient information to properly evaluate real-world emissions.
“The results demonstrate, beyond any doubt, that the difference in lab and actual PHEV fuel consumption and CO2 output is much, much greater than for petrol or conventional vehicles,” they stated. “Any regulatory changes concerning PHEVs should be implemented with extreme care and considering that evidence.”
Maya Sterling is a seasoned gaming analyst with over a decade of experience in online casinos, specializing in slot reviews and player strategies.
Richard Taylor
| 08 Sep 2026
Richard Taylor
| 08 Sep 2026
Richard Taylor
| 08 Sep 2026
Richard Taylor
| 08 Sep 2026
Richard Taylor
| 08 Sep 2026
Richard Taylor
| 08 Sep 2026